Scopus Research — Mustafa Jawad Abed Al-Imari

Preface: Coronavirus has several mechanisms that facilitate its entry into the target cell such as cholesterol by acting concurrently with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) at entry site, where the virus uses it to increase its entry and spread. We conducted a practical research for measuring Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG) and Lactate dehydrogenase concentrations in COVID-19 patients. Objectives: The aim of this research is to see the correlation between Cholesterol, TG and Lactate dehydrogenase and the severity of coronavirus infection. Methods: This study is made at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital during the period from March 2021 to July 2021 and it was performed on two groups: patients group that involved 30 samples (15 male and 15 female), age ranging from 18 to 84 years old and another group consisting of 30 individuals who were not infected with SARS-CoV-2. Results: Our findings show that the high value for markers under this study associated with coronavirus was detected in lactate dehydrogenase (505.07±26.934 IU/l), (227.83±24.660 Mg/dl) for TG and (227.53±19.805 Mg/dl) for cholesterol. High concentration of cholesterol is shown in the age category between 54 and 64 years is represented as (487 Mg/dl and 502 Mg/dl), TG at ages 42, 54 and 64 years is represented as 497, 509 and 521 Mg/dl, Lactate dehydrogenase at ages 80-84 years that represented is as 739, 809 and 812 IU/l. According to physiological parameters which were elevated, a high concentration was observed in almost both sexes, as males were more affected than females when determining cholesterol at (500 Mg/dl), while females had more than males with respect to lactate dehydrogenase and TGs at (520 Mg/dl and 800 IU/l), respectively. In the correlation test, we found the highest significant differences, according to the correlation test, between cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase at (1) cholesterol and TG at (0.000), TG and lactate dehydrogenase at (0.739). Conclusions: We conclude that COVID-19 patients suffer from increased markers under the studies on cholesterol, TG and lactate dehydrogenase. © 2023 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) result from genetic and environmental factors. The two clinical manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (IBD). Numerous studies have demonstrated a link between immune system molecules' single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the incidence of IBD. The study aimed to examine the potential impact of the SNPs NOD2 rs2066844 and ATG16L1 rs2241880 in a group sample of Iraqi IBD patients. The AG genotype for rs2241880 was associated with an increased risk for CD (P=0.1) and a negative association with UC, whereas the AA genotype presents less in CD patients and a negative association with UC (P=0.89). For this SNP, the G allele was associated with the risk of CD but not for UC. For the rs2066844, there were no significant differences for NOD2 in both CD and UC, and associations between variation and diseases were not observed. Copyright © 2023 by.

Polymorphisms in the antioxidant enzymes have a role in the development of breast cancer. Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) is one of the antioxidant enzymes that play an effective role in oxidative stress resistance. Pro198Leu (C → T) polymorphism affected GPx1 effectiveness, which might further play a vital role in cancer development. This study aimed to recognize the influence of the GPX1 (rs1050450) gene polymorphism on breast cancer progression and levels of certain biomarkers in patients by using a collection of blood samples from each subject. After extraction of genomic DNA, the SNP Rs1050450 analysis was performed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results were visualized under UV light and analyzed with SPSS software (version 23). Additionally, this study revealed that the heterozygote CT (93.3%) genotype was higher than TT genotype in the control group, while the CT genotype was higher (55.7%) than CC and TT (38.6% and 5.7%) in patient’s group, respectively. The genotypes TT (OR = 0.0252, 95% CI = 0.0015-0.4305, P = 0.0110) and CT (OR = 0.0327, 95% CI = 0.0.0013-0.7995, P = 0.0360) were less likely to develop breast cancer (BC) sequentially. The frequency of the T allele demonstrated insignificant differences between breast cancer patients and control groups (OR = 0.4422, 95% CI = 0.2387-0.8193, P = 0.0095). The CT genotype caused an increase in glutathione (GSH) concentration and catalase (CAT) activity, while the CC genotype caused an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in patients with BC. However, the CT genotype caused an increase in GSH concentration in the healthy control group. The results found that the genetic variation of GPX1 (rs1050450) was unrelated to BC. The rs1050450 SNP which involved in a reduced risk of BC increased levels of SOD, GSH, CAT, and MDA. The results suggested that it was necessary to monitor oxidative stress and the level of antioxidants for cancer patients. © 2023, Journal of Biotech Research. All Rights Reserved.

The current research involves studying the total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant, and trace elements of the population and patients living close to Shatt Al-Hillah, Babil providence, Iraq. The blood samples were drawn from 40 neighbors (patients) and 30 volunteers (healthy people, referred to as the control group). Determination of the total antioxidant capacity levels illustrates a significantly low level for all groups for the population of the patients living close to Shatt Al-Hillah compared with the controls group. Determination of the total oxidant levels illustrates a significantly high level for all groups of the population of Shatt Al-Hillah neighbor (patients) compared with the control group. Determination of the trace copper and zinc elements illustrates a significantly high level for all groups of the population of the neighbor of Shatt Al-Hillah (patients) compared with the control group. © 2023 Author(s).

This research aimed to compare albumin, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase levels in patients with non-severe and severe covid-19 infections. This investigation was conducted at Babylon provincial hospitals and private laboratories labs from October 2020 to December 2021. The research included 30 patients with covid-19 infection, divided into two groups. Each group contains 15 patients depending on infection severity. The serum samples were separated and stored at -20°C until the lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and albumin biological tests were performed. The outcomes revealed a substantial decrease (P=0.05) in albumin levels in severe Covid-19 patients (34.976±3.17) compared to non-severe Covid-19 patients (40±14.765). Also, a considerable increase was observed (P=0.05) in creatinine levels in severe Covid-19 patients (1.16±0.45) compared to non-severe Covid-19 patients (0.82±0.53). Finally, crucial elevation (P=0.05) in lactate dehydrogenase level of severe Covid-19 patients (913.27±213.16) compared to the group of non-severe Covid-19 patients (1437.27±251.27). Lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and albumin are employed as medical markers in severe covid-19 infection. © 2023 Author(s).

Effective prioritization plays critical roles in precision medicine. Healthcare decisions are complex, involving trade-offs among numerous frequently contradictory priorities. Considering the numerous difficulties associated with COVID-19, approaches that could triage COVID-19 patients may help in prioritizing treatment and provide precise medicine for those who are at risk of serious disease. Prioritizing a patient with COVID-19 depends on a variety of examination criteria, but due to the large number of these biomarkers, it may be hard for medical practitioners and emergency systems to decide which cases should be given priority for treatment. The aim of this paper is to propose a Multidimensional Examination Framework (MEF) for the prioritization of COVID-19 severe patients on the basis of combined multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. In contrast to the existing literature, the MEF has not considered only a single dimension of the examination factors; instead, the proposed framework included different multidimensional examination criteria such as demographic, laboratory findings, vital signs, symptoms, and chronic conditions. A real dataset that consists of data from 78 patients with different examination criteria was used as a base in the construction of Multidimensional Evaluation Matrix (MEM). The proposed framework employs the CRITIC (CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method to identify objective weights and importance for multidimensional examination criteria. Furthermore, the VIKOR (VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje) method is utilized to prioritize COVID-19 severe patients. The results based on the CRITIC method showed that the most important examination criterion for prioritization is COVID-19 patients with heart disease, followed by cough and nasal congestion symptoms. Moreover, the VIKOR method showed that Patients 8, 3, 9, 59, and 1 are the most urgent cases that required the highest priority among the other 78 patients. Finally, the proposed framework can be used by medical organizations to prioritize the most critical COVID-19 patient that has multidimensional examination criteria and to promptly give appropriate care for more precise medicine. © 2022 by the authors.

Background: Infertility is a serious health issue that affects people all around the world. One of the most common reasons for male infertility is sperm abnormalities. Researchers and scientists have been searching for a novel genetic marker to detect or recognize the genetic malfunction that causes sperm abnormalities. Micro-RNA (miRNAs) are small non-coded RNA molecules that present intra and extra-cellular and regulate gene expression. Objective: This studies began to search for a relation between miRNA expression levels and other diseases that may be related to them, considering that the main role of miRNAs was the down-regulation of genes. Methods: The main technique used in this study was to synthesize a complementary DNA (cDNA) (revers transcription method) of extracted total RNA by TRIzol then amplification of candidates' miRNAs genes by Reverse Transcriptase Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction RT-qPCR. Results: Studies found that miRNAs have a role in defining sperm qualities such as sperm count, motility, and shape. In this study, we chose the most miRNAs referred to in the previous study as a potential seminal fluid marker (miR-10a, miR-10b, miR-135a and miR-135b) to test them as potential infertility-related miRNAs markers (Asthenospermia AS, Oligospermia OS, Astheno-Oligospermia ASOS) in addition to health normal sperm NS. Conclusion: the main aim of this study was to find the miRNAs expression pattern to find a way to help scientists track the genetic causes of male infertility issues and a novel method to distinguish infertility genetically diseases. Conclusion: The findings may serve as a potential genetic marker for male infertility and provide a background for future research that targeted miRNAs as a molecular marker for medical and forensic fields, also as an infertility disease potential treatment. © 2022 Yasir Haider Al-Mawlah, Mustafa Nuhad Al-Darraji, Mustafa Jawad Al-Imari.

Body fluids are frequently recovered by forensic investigators from crime scenes, and ICLE their identification is an important aspect of forensic case analysis. Determining the type and origin of human fluids recovered at a crime scene will give essential information for crime scene reconstruction by establishing a link between sample donors and actual criminal activity. The expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miR-10b, miR-135b, miR-16, miR-126, miR-124-3p, and miR-372 in seminal fluids, blood, vaginal fluid stains, and their mixture, were measured using a quantitative real-time PCR technique. Using SNORD-47 as a reference gene, the target genes' identification and stability were assessed. miR-10b and miR-135b were expressed at higher levels in seminal fluids stains than in vaginal secretion stains; miR-124-3p and miR-372 were expressed at higher levels in vaginal stains than in seminal fluids stains; miR-16 and miR-126 were expressed at a higher level in bloodstains than in both seminal fluids and vaginal stains, and six miRNAs were expressed in seminal fluids/vaginal/blood mix stains. In conclusion, the results indicate that the expression levels of miR-10b and miR-135b (seminal fluids), miR-124-3p and miR-372 (vaginal secretion), and miR-16 and miR-126 (blood) were higher in these samples compared to the housekeeping gene SNORD-47. © 2022, Bangladesh Society for Microbiology, Immunology and Advanced Biotechnology. All rights reserved.

Nanotechnology exemplifies advancement in the field of research and development by enhancing product efficacy through the introduction of novel solutions. Nanotechnology is increasingly being used in the cosmeceutical industry to address some of the drawbacks of traditional products. The personal care market's fastest-growing segment is cosmetics, and usage of these products has increased dramatically in recent years. Wrinkles, photoaging, hyperpigmentation, dandruff, and hair damage can all be treated using nanocosmeceuticals, a class of skin, hair, nail, and lip care products. However, because nanoparticles have the ability to penetrate skin and cause health issues, nanotoxicological studies have raised questions regarding the impact of increasing nanoparticle use in cosmeceuticals. The study of nanotechnology in cosmeceuticals is primarily concerned with the many special carriers used for cosmeceutical administration, their benefits and drawbacks, commercial formulations, toxicity, and nanocosmeceutical limitations. This editorial's main objective is to illustrate the benefits and drawbacks of using nanoparticles in cosmetics. © 2023 Global NEST.

A modest quantity of fluoride can increase the mineralization of teeth and reduce their cavities. But the presomerence of fluoride in excess in water can lead to severe disease infertility. In the past few decades, scientists have thus been preoccupied with developing ways to reduce sewage fluoride concentrations and reduce their effects on human health. The present study is aimed at using the technology of electrocoagulation to remove fluoride from polluted water. Tests have been done to examine the elimination of fluoride with a rectangular electrocoagulation cell and examine the impact of the experimental aspects on fluoride extraction, specifically electrical current, electrode spacing, and pH. The authors found that 93% of the fluoride has been extracted using 5mm spaced electrodes with a current density of 2 mA/cm2 and a level of pH of 7 from the polluted water after 20 min of processing. Experimental factors considerably impact the efficacy of fluoride removal. In the acidic environment, greater effectiveness of fluoride removal is being attained. The elimination effectiveness depends directly on the electric current, whereas the distance between poles is adversely linked to fluoride elimination. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), also known as autoimmune diabetes, is a chronic disease characterized by insulin deficiency due to pancreatic β-cell loss and leads to hyperglycaemia. The T cell-mediated destruction of β-cells is-targeting insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), insulinoma-associated protein 2 and zinc transporter. The GAD biomarker of T1DM is found months to years before symptoms onset and can be used to identify and study individuals who are at risk for developing T1DM. Objective: To evaluate the role of GAD in diagnosis of T1DM and to compare the new diagnostic marker, anti-GAD, associations with future disease activity and compared to type 2 DM. Material and Method: This study involved fifty six (56) blood and serum samples from patients suffering from T1DM, (12) patients with type 2DM and (12) healthy individuals as controls. The average disease duration was 6.5±0.5 years (1-15years). Anti-GAD antibody assayed as biomarker parameter for all subjects. Anti-GAD as it was tested by Chorus device (ElISA automated device) as semi quantitative determination. All clinical features were investigated by questionnaire interviews. Data were presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: Male patients with T1DM appeared to be more affected than women. The results also showed elevated levels of anti-GAD in 51.8% of T1DM. In a random sample of (12) non-diabetic individuals, none had anti-GAD. The sensitivity of the anti-GAD test for T1DM was 82.2% and the specificity was 93%. Conclusion: Prevalence of Anti-GAD is associated with age. Patients with Type 1DM (Children and adolescents) had increased prevalence of Anti-GAD antibodies. The positivity of anti-GAD antibodies was higher in children and adolescents and less frequent in adult patients involved in this study. So it could be a useful serological assay in establishing the diagnosis of type 1DM and prediction of very high risk for development of T1DM. © 2019, Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development. All rights reserved.