بحوث سكوبس — سرى حسن حسناوي الزبيدي

Every year the production of benzene increases, thus as Benzene, Toluene and Xylenes cause significant harmful to human veracity, and the situation is exacerbated by that is the fact, which of exceeding the Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC) of 0.1 mg/m3. Prolonged exposure to the concentration of benzene, can lead to such consequences as some types of cancer, reproductive shortcomings, harm to the nervous system, as well as pallor. The techniques used to decide focus depend on the utilization of information from substance sensors and mathematical strategies for deciding the convergence of gases. all this method has certain limitations, which leads to the complexity of the calibration. The main from of this study removing all unnecessary noise, and it is necessary to minimize the loss obtained from the spectroscopic data, for improving for working on the exactness of ascertaining the convergence of aromatic hydrocarbons. Has been comparing the data of aromatic compounds obtained, It started from receiving the data, and through the process of filtering the signal using the Median filter, as well as autofluorescence Background Removal and Polynomial Fit(Polyfit), and finally, a method has been used, (GasesProcessors), all that separately for(benzene, toluene, xylene), the classification results are presented in the form of a box with a "whisker These changes were 2.5%, 2%, and 2.8%, for the ratio (before processing to using the Medium filter ), respectively, and the changes were 3% for the ratio of the PolyFit method to the Medium filter, and 8%, 9%, and 4%, for the ratio method use(PolyFit) to Medium filter, and 3%,8% and 0% for the ratio of method use(PolyFit) to method use(PolyFit), respectively. It should be noted here that the proposed method (GasesProcessors) is superior in terms of filter performance and autofluorescence background removal compared to previous methods. © 2023, Ismail Saritas. All rights reserved.

The multipotency property of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has attained worldwide consideration because of their immense potential for immunomodulation and their therapeutic function in tissue regeneration. MSCs can migrate to tissue injury areas to contribute to immune modulation, secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and hide themselves from the immune system. Certainly, various investigations have revealed anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, reconstruction, and wound healing potentials of MSCs in many in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, current progresses in the field of MSCs biology have facilitated the progress of particular guidelines and quality control approaches, which eventually lead to clinical application of MSCs. In this literature, we provided a brief overview of immunoregulatory characteristics and immunosuppressive activities of MSCs. In addition, we discussed the enhancement, utilization, and therapeutic responses of MSCs in neural, liver, kidney, bone, heart diseases, and wound healing. © 2022, The Author(s).

The present study was conducted to clarify the effects of Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) ATCC 11741 and pectin (PE) on growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, gut microbiota composition, immune parameters, antioxidant defense as well as disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in narrow-clawed crayfish, Postantacus leptodactylus. During 18 weeks trial feeding, 525 narrow-clawed crayfish juvenile (8.07±0.1 g) fed with seven experimental diets including control (basal diet), LS1 (1×107 CFU/g), LS2 (1×109 CFU/g), PE1 (5 g/kg), PE2 (10 g/kg), LS1PE1 (1×107 CFU/g +5 g/kg), and LS2PE2 (1×109 CFU/g +10 g/kg). After 18 weeks, growth parameters (final weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate) and feed conversion rate were significantly improved in all treatments (P<0.05). Besides, diets incorporated with LS1PE1 and LS2PE2 significantly increased the activity of amylase and protease enzymes compared to LS1, LS2, and control groups (P<0.05). Microbiological analyses revealed that the total heterotrophic bacteria count (TVC) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of narrow-clawed crayfish fed diets containing LS1, LS2, LS1PE1, and LS2PE2 were higher than control group. The highest total haemocyte count (THC), large-granular (LGC) and semigranular cells (SGC) count, and hyaline count (HC) was obtained in LS1PE1 (P<0.05). Similarly, higher immunity activity (lysozyme (LYZ), phenoloxidase (PO), nitroxidesynthetase (NOs), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP)) observed in the LS1PE1 treatment compared to the control group (P<0.05). The glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity remarkably enhanced in LS1PE1 and LS2PE2, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content reduced in these two treatments. In addition, specimens belonging to LS1, LS2, PE2, LS1PE1, and LS2PE2 groups presented higher resistance against A. hydrophila compared to the control group. In conclusion, feeding narrow-clawed crayfish with synbiotic had higher efficiency on growth parameters, immunocompetence, and disease resistance compared to single consumption of prebiotics and probiotics. © 2022 Samyah Darwish Saddig Jastaniah et al.

Biochar-based fertilizers, customized to specific soil conditions, have piqued public attention to enhance soil quality and carbon sequestration. The incorporation of biochar into agricultural fields can become a primary factor in the preservation of soil productivity and fertility. However, there is still no conclusive experimental evidence to support this claim. In this study, a split-plot experiment was carried out according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using three replications to evaluate the influence of irrigation and varied amounts of biochar-based fertilizer on peanut plants' yield to determine the water use efficiency (WUE). The primary treatment with different irrigation cycles and no irrigation, and the sub-treatment with biochar-based fertilizer of 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha-1 and no fertilizer, were performed in Sulaymaniyah which is located in the east of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The results revealed that the seven-day irrigation cycle produces the largest pods and seeds, with 4325 and 2435 kg ha-1 yields, respectively. The 100 kg ha-1 biochar-based fertilizer yielded the highest output, with a pod yield of 3652 kg ha-1 and a seed yield of 1921 kg ha-1. According to the results of the interaction between irrigation management and biochar-based fertilizer, the irrigation treatment had a maximum seed yield of seven-day and the fertilizer treatment had a maximum seed output of 100 kg N ha-1 with an average of 3462 kg ha-1. The variance analysis results indicate that water use efficiency in irrigation management, different levels of biochar-based fertilizer, and their combined effect on total biomass, seed, and pods were significant. © 2022, Journal of Nuts. All Rights Reserved.

Cloze tests are gap-filling tests designed to measure overall language ability and reading comprehension in a second language. Due to their ease of construction and scoring, cloze tests are widely used in the context of second and foreign language testing. Previous research over the past decades has shown the reliability and validity of cloze tests in different contexts. However, due to the interdependent structure of cloze test items, item response theory models have not been applied to analyze cloze tests. In this research, we apply a method to circumvent the problem of local dependence for analyzing cloze tests with the Rasch model. Using this method, we applied the Rasch model to a cloze test composed of eight passages each containing 8-15 gaps. Findings showed that the Rasch model fits the data and thus it is possible to scale persons and cloze passages on an interval unidimensional scale. The test had high reliability and was well-targeted to the examinees. Implications of the study are discussed. © 2022 International Journal of Language Testing. All rights reserved.

Background & Objective: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite that causes a variety of clinical symptoms in humans. It is a facultatively heteroxenous, polyxenous protozoon that has evolved several potential transmission routes within and between the host species. Infections caused by Toxoplasma gondii are more frequently seen in immunocompetent patients. The infection acquired by the mother during pregnancy puts the fetus at risk of congenital infection due to the parasite transmission across the placenta. The severity and frequency of infection are determined by the gestational age of the mother at the time of infection. The objective of this research was to study the toxoplasmosis infection in women, and to estimate the relationship between T. gondii infection and parameters including abortion time, chronic diseases, and age. Materials & Methods: The case-control study was conducted on 50 healthy women (pregnant and non-pregnant) as control group and 135 women with abortion experience as case group at the Women's and Children's Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq from December 2021 until March 2022. The questionnaire was used to gather information from the women. The participant's name, age, gestational age, address, medications taken, medical history, previous abortions, and the date the sample was taken were all included. Under sterile conditions, five milliliters of the venous blood were drawn from each woman. The ELISA test was used to determine the level of anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies in serum samples. Results: The anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies were found to be positive in 51% and 8% of the cases, respectively. However, the anti-T. gondii antibodies seroprevalence was 59% in women who had abortion. The healthy women had 0% for all antibodies. Conclusion: Despite reporting the high rates of infection among women who had single abortions, the current study found no significant association between the percentage of infection and the number of abortions. The cause of high incidence among women who had abortion could be due to decrease in the immune system function. © 2022, Farname Inc. All rights reserved.

Salmonella spp are characterized as rod- shaped, motile, gram- negative bacteria which has the ability to infect animals and human. Salmonella spp occasionally causes sickness while in most cases not lead to severe symptoms. Analyzing milk for Salmonella spp. is not routine but traditional culture methods are used to evaluate the health condition of the dairy products. However, the antibody-based and nucleic-acid- based methods are practical for identifying Salmonella spp. Therefore, this research was designed to evaluate the use of traditional culture methods and PCR in detection of the presence of Salmonella spp. in raw milk samples in, Maysan Iraq. A total number of 130 raw milk samples collected from Maysan Iraq. All the samples were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella spp. using traditional culture method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The culture method used in this experiment were done by using pre-enrichment, enrichment, selective plating and biochemical tests. The results of this traditional technique were compared with the results obtained from PCR method. The PCR was performed using a 284bp sequence of the invA gene. The results showed that 8 (7.07%) of samples were identified as salmonella positive using traditional culture technique but 14 (12.3%) samples were detected as salmonella positive by PCR method. The results of the current research revealed that the traditional culture based methods are generally time costuming and labor intensive but the development of new rapid methods including DNA based methods such as PCR are more sensitive and have dramatically decreased the time necessary for the detection of bacteria. Copyright © 2022 by Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute

Background: Breast cancer is among the most prevalent forms of cancer in women. Today, it is known that variables such as self-compassion and life expectancy can improve and reduce the negative effects of this cancer. The current study aimed to compare self-compassion and life expectancy in women with and without breast cancer. Methods: The research was conducted using a descriptive-comparative approach. The statistical population included all women referred to specialized centers in Basra, Iraq, in 2020. Out of 1670 clients, 220 women with cancer (110 individuals) and healthy women (110 individuals) were sampled using the convenient sampling method and responded to the questionnaires. The Neff Self-Compassion Scale and Snyder Life Expectancy Questionnaire were used in the present study. The descriptive branches of frequency, mean, and standard deviation (SD), as well as statistical tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data with SPSS software. Results: The mean ± SD of life expectancy of the healthy group was greater than that of the patients with cancer (P < 0.01). Patients with cancer (64.18 ± 5.48) and healthy people (62.49 ± 5.07) scored similarly on the Self-Compassion Scale. While there was no significant difference in the self-compassion variable, there were no differences between the two groups (P > 0.01). Besides, the cancer group had a lower life expectancy (13.62 ± 3.74) and the healthy group had a higher life expectancy (25.73 ± 4.34) (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Women with breast cancer have the same level of self-compassion as healthy women, but their life expectancy is lower. © 2022, Vesnu Publications. All rights reserved.

Flavonoids were extracted from the peels of the Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) plant. The total flavonoids were detected with qualitative and quantitative assays using two solvents, n-hexane and methanol, then purified by silica gel chromatography. Varying bacterial genera from urinary tract infection (UTI) infections were tested for biofilm development. It was discovered that these isolates had different biofilm potential. The use of flavonoids led to reducing biofilm formation in a dose-dependent way so that Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest inhibitory activity at 70%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae at 68 % and Candida albicans at 65%. In contrast, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed lower inhibition rates of 33 and 34%, respectively. These findings suggest that flavonoids may effectively treat biofilm-associated bacterial infections and overcome multi-antibiotic resistance challenges. © 2022, Dr. Yashwant Research Labs Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and can cause various psychological issues for those with it. The current study aimed to determine the efficacy of positive psychology in improving hope, self-compassion, and post-traumatic growth in patients with breast cancer. Methods: The current study used a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design. The statistical population included 483 women with breast cancer diagnosis referred to King Abdullah Medical City Hospital in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia, in 2021. One hundred patients were chosen using a simple random sampling method and assigned to intervention and control groups (50 people in each group). Members of the intervention group received positive psychology training. At various stages of the test, Snyder Hope Scale (1996), Neff Self-Compassion Scale (2003), and Tedeschi and Calhoun Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (1996) were used. The data were analyzed using the mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) test in SPSS software. Results: Positive psychology-based intervention effectively improved hope (F = 17.94, P = 0.002), self-compassion (F = 10.41, P = 0.003), and post-traumatic growth (F = 35.23, P = 0.001) in women with breast cancer. Conclusion: Positive psychology provides patients with breast cancer with a compassionate and hopeful understanding of the disturbances affecting their quality of life, allowing them to consciously accept their feelings and thoughts. © 2022, Vesnu Publications. All rights reserved.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at maternity hospitals in Baghdad among pregnancies with gestational diabetes to identify gestational diabetes among those who attend the Maternity Hospitals in Baghdad city. A purposive sample of 140 pregnant women was selected from maternity Hospitals in Baghdad city. The description of the demographic characteristics of study groups includes the following variables (age of pregnant, stage of pregnancy, history of diabetes during pregnancy, history of diabetes before pregnancy, history of abortion, time of abortion, family history of DM, history of another disease. Data were obtained from pregnant women through the utilization of the study instrument, an interview technique for each woman, and a review of their medical records as means of data collection. Tables and graphs were used to analyze and assess the results of the study under the application of the statistical package (SPSS) version 20.0. Most of the 32.9% were in the age group>35 years old. A 42.9% of cases were in the 3rd stage of the trimester. Most of them had a history of diabetes during pregnancy. Half of them had a history of diabetes before pregnancy. Half of them were taking the medicine for GD and the majority of them had a history of diabetes. A total of 40% of them had a history of another disease. We recommended emphasizing the need for implementing and enforcing the new diagnostic values. © 2022, Dr. Yashwant Research Labs Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved.

The lectins produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum have a wide range of abilities to hemagglutinate human erythrocytes, with more significant titers of hemagglutination blood group type O+ and lower titers of hemagglutination blood group type A+ and B|+. Also, L. acidophilus produced lectin with a higher titer than L. plantarum. It is extracted by glass beads and precipitated by acetone solvent. Six Candida albicans isolates were isolated from oral candidiasis. The highest antifungal activity of extracted lectin was against the tested C. albicans isolates in a dose-dependent manner so that the lectin has promised an alternative to overcome multiple antifungal resistance. © 2022, Dr. Yashwant Research Labs Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Vit E is known as one of the most important antioxidant. It has been previously approved that cereal grains and leafy plants are considered as the main source for α-tocopherol (Vit E). One of the recommended therapies for male infertility would be the Vit E therapy. Following Vit E consumption the semen parameters such as sperm concentration, ejaculation volume, sperm progressive motility, and in vitro function (zone binding assay) have been significantly improved. Therefore, present study was designed to investigate the effects of oral administration of cereal grain and seeds on reproductive performance of local cocks. During a period of 63 weeks, 100 local (Iraqi breed) rooster chicks were randomly divided into the five groups (n=20). Animals in group 1 served as control group and had not received any supplementations in their diet. The animals in the Groups 2-5 received diets which were fortified with 100, 200, 300, and 400 g of cereal grain and legume seeds pure germs. The results of the current study showed that the total number of spermatozoa and percentages of abnormal sperm were decreased by adding more amount of germ of cereal grain and seeds (P<0.01). Increased germ of cereal grain and seeds was not associated with pH volume, colour, consistency and motility of the sperm compared to corresponding rates in control group. Phospholipids content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance of semen sample as well as density of ejaculate (sperm/µl) were decreased by adding increasing germ of cereal grain and seeds in diet of rosters. Weight of testis decreased by increasing levels of cereal grains and legume seeds germ in the diets (P<0.05). Copyright © 2022 by Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute