Faculty Member of the Department of Intelligent Medical Systems Publishes Research on the Use of Biological Control to Reduce Powdery Mildew in Wheat

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Assistant Lecturer Najat Hamid Jasim, a faculty member in the Department of Intelligent Medical Systems at the College of Science, Al-Mustaqbal University, has published a scientific research paper entitled “Evaluating the efficacy of a biological mixture of Trichoderma spp. and chitosan in controlling powdery mildew on wheat.” The study evaluated the effectiveness of a biological mixture of Trichoderma spp. and chitosan in controlling powdery mildew disease affecting wheat crops. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Trichoderma when used individually, investigate the role of chitosan as a biological elicitor of plant resistance, and examine the synergistic effect of the biological mixture in reducing the severity of powdery mildew infection. It also sought to determine the optimal chitosan concentration when combined with a fixed concentration of Trichoderma. The research examined the biological mechanisms employed by Trichoderma in controlling fungal pathogens, including mycoparasitism, competition, and the production of fungal cell wall-degrading enzymes, in addition to its ability to induce systemic resistance in plants and promote their growth. It also investigated the role of chitosan in inhibiting fungal growth and stimulating plant defense responses by enhancing phenolic compounds and defense-related enzymes. The results demonstrated that the combined treatments of Trichoderma and chitosan significantly outperformed the individual treatments. The Trichoderma + 1.5% chitosan treatment achieved the highest reduction in disease severity, reaching 75.6%, while disease severity decreased from 7.8 in the control treatment to 1.9. The treatment also resulted in improved chlorophyll content and a significant increase in the activity of plant defense enzymes. The study further demonstrated that the beneficial effect of the biological mixture is not limited to directly controlling the pathogen but also extends to strengthening the plant’s endogenous defense system, indicating the potential use of such treatments within biological and integrated disease management strategies. The study recommended the application of Trichoderma + 1.0% chitosan in commercial fields due to its high efficacy and relatively lower cost compared with the higher concentration. It also emphasized the need for broader field studies under different environmental conditions, geographical regions, and seasons to verify the stability of the treatment’s effectiveness, as well as to investigate its long-term effects on soil and beneficial organisms and its compatibility with integrated pest management programs. The publication of this research reflects the scientific and research activity of the faculty members of the Department of Intelligent Medical Systems at the College of Science and demonstrates Al-Mustaqbal University’s commitment to supporting scientific research and encouraging academic contributions in applied fields that contribute to developing sustainable solutions to agricultural and environmental challenges. Al-Mustaqbal University – The No. 1 University in Iraq.