Parliamentary immunity is one of the important constitutional safeguards designed to protect members of the legislative authority and enable them to perform their duties freely and independently, without pressures or legal actions that may hinder the exercise of their parliamentary functions. The Iraqi Constitution of 2005 regulated parliamentary immunity under Article 63/Second, defining its scope, conditions, and applicable exceptions. Parliamentary immunity is generally divided into two main types: substantive immunity and procedural immunity. Substantive immunity protects a parliamentarian from legal proceedings concerning opinions expressed during the parliamentary session in the course of performing parliamentary duties. This protection aims to ensure freedom of expression and discussion within the Council of Representatives. Procedural immunity, on the other hand, concerns restrictions on certain criminal procedures against a member of the Council of Representatives, particularly arrest. The Iraqi Constitution distinguishes between the legislative term and periods outside it, requiring, in certain cases, the approval of the competent authority to lift immunity, while making an exception when a parliamentarian is caught in the act of committing a felony. Parliamentary immunity is based on several important justifications, most notably protecting the independence of the legislative authority, ensuring the parliamentarian's freedom of expression and oversight, and safeguarding the popular will represented by members of the Council of Representatives. However, parliamentary immunity is not an absolute personal privilege, nor does it exempt a parliamentarian from legal responsibility. Rather, it is a safeguard associated with the parliamentary function. The importance of constitutional regulation of parliamentary immunity lies in achieving a balance between the independence of parliamentary work and the rule of law. Therefore, immunity should be exercised within its constitutional limits and should not become a means of obstructing legitimate judicial proceedings or avoiding legal responsibility. Conclusion Parliamentary immunity under the Iraqi Constitution of 2005 represents an essential safeguard for the independence of the legislative authority. The Constitution regulates it through substantive and procedural immunity, while establishing conditions for lifting immunity and specifying relevant exceptions. The proper application of these provisions remains essential for achieving a balance between protecting parliamentary work and ensuring that everyone remains subject to the rule of law. Almustaqbal University – The First University in Iraq