The rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies and algorithms has led to their integration into various fields affecting individuals’ lives and rights. As a result, certain decisions and assessments have increasingly been based on the processing of vast amounts of data by automated systems. Although algorithms are primarily designed to achieve efficiency and accuracy, their reliance on data that may contain unbalanced social or historical patterns can lead to what is known as algorithmic bias, potentially resulting in indirect discrimination between individuals or groups. The significance of algorithmic bias from a constitutional perspective becomes particularly evident when the outputs of digital systems affect the exercise of rights or access to opportunities. The Iraqi Constitution of 2005 established, under Article 14, the principle of equality before the law and prohibited discrimination on various grounds. Article 16 also affirmed equal opportunities for all Iraqis. This raises questions regarding the compatibility of algorithmic decisions with these principles when they directly or indirectly result in different treatment of individuals who occupy equivalent legal positions. The issue extends beyond the principle of equality, as algorithmic bias may also affect the right to privacy, particularly when algorithms rely on the collection and analysis of extensive personal data to predict individuals’ behavior or classify them. The Iraqi Constitution guarantees the right to personal privacy and protects the freedom of electronic communications and correspondence. Therefore, the use of data in algorithmic systems requires legal safeguards that strike a balance between technological advancement and the protection of constitutional rights. This highlights the need to develop a legal framework regulating the use of algorithms and requiring entities that employ them to adopt appropriate levels of transparency and accountability. Such a framework should enable individuals to understand the general principles influencing decisions made against them, while also providing effective means of objection and redress when harm occurs. This does not imply prohibiting the use of algorithms; rather, it means subjecting them to constitutional principles and the rule of law, ensuring that technology remains a means of achieving justice and efficiency rather than a source of invisible discrimination. Accordingly, algorithmic bias represents a modern constitutional challenge that calls for reconsideration of the mechanisms for protecting rights and freedoms in the digital environment. The fundamental principle remains that technological transformation should not undermine constitutional safeguards; instead, it should be accompanied by legislation and oversight mechanisms that ensure equality, privacy, and equal opportunities in the face of automated decision-making. Assist. Lecturer Waleed Khalid Al-Ghanimi College of Law / Al-Mustaqbal University