Disguised unemployment: The social consequences of graduates not entering the labor market

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Disguised unemployment is one of the economic and social challenges facing societies. It arises when individuals work in jobs that do not adequately utilize their abilities or when the number of workers exceeds the actual need for labor, leading to decreased productivity and a waste of human resources. This problem is exacerbated when graduates lack appropriate career guidance or when their specializations and skills do not align with labor market demands. Consequently, some find themselves in jobs far removed from their qualifications or with limited opportunities for development and innovation. The effects of this phenomenon are not limited to the economic sphere; they can extend to feelings of frustration, decreased job satisfaction, and reduced motivation, in addition to impacting the financial independence and social stability of young people. Universities and educational institutions bear a significant responsibility in promoting career guidance, updating curricula, providing practical training, and building partnerships with public and private sector institutions. Supporting entrepreneurship and developing digital and professional skills can also contribute to expanding productive employment opportunities. Therefore, addressing disguised unemployment is not achieved simply by providing jobs for graduates, but requires directing their energies toward fields that utilize their knowledge and abilities and offer them genuine opportunities for production, innovation, and participation in sustainable development. Al-Mustaqbal University is ranked first among Iraqi private universities.