Malaria is one of the most dangerous parasitic diseases affecting humans. It is caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria remains a major health problem in many tropical and subtropical regions around the world. After a mosquito bite, the parasites enter the bloodstream and travel to the liver where they multiply. Later, they infect red blood cells and continue reproducing. This process causes many symptoms and complications associated with the disease. Common symptoms of malaria include fever, chills, sweating, headache, weakness, and muscle pain. Severe cases may lead to anemia, organ failure, coma, or death if not treated quickly. Young children and pregnant women are especially vulnerable to severe malaria. Malaria spreads more easily in areas with poor sanitation and standing water where mosquitoes breed. Climate conditions such as heat and humidity also support mosquito growth and disease transmission. Diagnosis of malaria is usually performed through blood tests that identify the parasite. Treatment involves antimalarial drugs that kill the parasites inside the body. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for preventing complications. Prevention focuses on controlling mosquitoes and avoiding mosquito bites. Sleeping under insecticide-treated bed nets, using mosquito repellents, draining stagnant water, and spraying insecticides are common preventive methods. Vaccines against malaria are also being developed and used in some regions. Global health organizations continue working to reduce malaria cases through education, mosquito control, and improved healthcare services. Scientific research remains important in the fight against this deadly disease. Al-Mustaqbal University – the first university in Iraq.