Gabion stepped weirs are considered among the most important hydraulic structures used in modern dams due to their high efficiency in controlling water flow and reducing the kinetic energy of water as it moves from higher to lower elevations. These structures have received considerable attention in recent engineering studies because of their significant role in minimizing scour and protecting dam bodies and adjacent structures from hazardous hydraulic effects. The operating principle of a stepped weir is based on a sequence of geometrically arranged steps that disrupt the flow and create air entrainment, which contributes to dissipating a substantial portion of the water energy. Flow patterns over these weirs vary depending on discharge, slope angle, and step dimensions. Nappe flow occurs at low discharges, whereas skimming flow develops at higher discharges and is regarded as the most efficient regime for energy dissipation. Recent studies have demonstrated that stepped weirs provide superior hydraulic performance compared with conventional spillways, particularly in earthfill and rockfill dams. They effectively reduce outlet velocities and improve structural stability. In addition, the air voids generated between the steps lower the pressures acting on the weir surface, thereby reducing the likelihood of erosion and material deterioration. Through numerical studies and simulations using advanced engineering software such as ANSYS Fluent, researchers can accurately analyze the distribution of velocity, pressure, and turbulent kinetic energy. This capability supports the development of optimized designs and enhances the hydraulic efficiency of stepped weirs. Simulation results have shown that increasing the number of steps directly improves energy dissipation and reduces the impact of high-velocity flow in the downstream region. The study of porosity and gradation of earthen materials is also a crucial factor in the design of this type of structure, as soil properties have a direct influence on flow stability and resistance to internal erosion. Therefore, selecting suitable materials and designing the steps in a scientifically sound manner contribute significantly to improving structural performance and extending service life. In light of the continuous advancement in numerical modeling and hydraulic engineering, gabion stepped weirs represent an effective engineering solution that combines hydraulic efficiency, structural stability, and economic feasibility. Consequently, they have become an important option in modern dam projects and water resources management. Prepared by: Farah Hamid Abdul Khudhur M.Sc. in Civil Engineering Reference: Farah Hamid Al-Majed and Mohammed A. Alabas. Modelling Turbulent Kinetic Energy and Streamlines Over Gabion Stepped Weirs. Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2025, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 864–876.