Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Cinnamomum cassia Extract and Its Potential Role in Supporting Antibiotic Therapy Dr. Ayad Abdelsalam Antimicrobial resistance has become one of the major challenges in modern medicine, increasing the need to investigate natural products as potential sources of antimicrobial agents. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) is rich in phenolic compounds and volatile constituents that may contribute to antibacterial activity. Previous experimental research in this field indicates that plant extracts can inhibit bacterial growth through multiple mechanisms, including disruption of cellular membranes and interference with essential metabolic processes. The investigation of ethanolic cinnamon extract is particularly relevant when the extract is evaluated in combination with conventional antibiotics. Such combinations may provide complementary antibacterial mechanisms and could be useful against organisms showing reduced susceptibility to standard therapy. Plant-derived compounds may alter membrane permeability, interfere with bacterial metabolism, or affect mechanisms associated with antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, Cinnamomum cassia represents a promising natural source for antibacterial research. However, translation of laboratory findings into therapeutic applications requires further investigation of dose optimization, toxicity, pharmacological interactions, animal models, and clinical efficacy. **Al-Mustaqbal University – The First University in Iraq**