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تم نشر مقالة علمية للتدريسة في كليسة المستقبل الجامعة قسم التخدير (علا عبد الله مهدي)) بعنوان Microorganism of Root Canal تاريخ الخبر: 26/11/2021 | المشاهدات: 325

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Microorganism of Root Canal:
The oral cavity is inhabited by an indigenous normal microflora that is composed of more than 500 species, the majority of which still remain uncultivable, of which the number of microorganisms in an infected root canal may be anywhere between.
In 1965 Kakehashi established an important relation between microorganisms and endodontic pathosis. They found that exposing dental pulp to oral environment in rats with normal flora caused the development of periapical pathosis, while the gnotobiotic free animals on the other hand showed minimal inflammation. ,also Miller(1898) was the first who described the presence of a characteristic root canal microbiota. He observed that there was a difference between the bacteria in the teeth with open pulp chambers and those in the root canals.
The bacterial microflora of the root canal is initially dominated by aerobes and facultative anaerobes. Although fungi, archaea, and viruses contribute to the microbial diversity in endodontic infections, bacteria are the most common micro-organisms occurring in these infections. As disease progresses, the ecology within the root canal system changes. Such changes may be related to the oxygen tension when root canals are opened up during treatment, use of root canal irrigating agents and changes in the canal pH due to various materials introduced into the root canal. This results in phenotypic changes driven by genetic population shift.
Some concepts suggest that the number of bacterial species in an infected root canals may vary from one to more than 12 and the number of bacterial cells from (<102 to >108) per sample.
Although the root canal flora is dominated by obligate anaerobic bacteria, some facultative strains like E. faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus have been involved in persistent infections, influencing the prognosis of the root canal treatment.
Living conditions for endodontic pathogens are not easy and differ from that in caries lesions or periodontal pockets. In root canals microorganisms are restricted from the oral cavity.The obligate anaerobes are rather easily eradicated during root canal treatment whereas facultative bacteria are more likely to survive the disinfection procedures.


Figure( 2.3 ): This figure Show Bacterial cells colonizing the Root Canal wall by E.M

Reference:
●Abdallah, N. M.A., Elsayed, S.B., Mostafa,M.M.Y.,& El-gohary,G.M. (2011).Biofilm forming bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection, relation to catheterization and susceptibility to antibiotics. International Journal of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Research, 2(10),172-178.
●Abdulameer Flayyih, I.,&Al-Ammar, M. H. (2015).Investigation of Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental caries patients. Magazine of Al-Kufa University for Biology, 7(1),50-63.