Scientific article by Assist lecturer ISRAA HABEEB Titled AS:-Celiac Disease Date: 21/05/2022 | Views: 320

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Celiac Disease
Celiac disease is a digestive and autoimmune disorder that can damage your small intestine. People with celiac disease might experience symptoms like diarrhea, bloating, gas, anemia and growth issues. Celiac disease can be triggered by a protein called gluten. Gluten is found in grains, like wheat, barley and rye. Normally, the body's immune system is designed to protect it from foreign invaders. When people with celiac disease eat foods that contain gluten, their immune systems attack the lining of the intestine. This causes inflammation (swelling) in the intestines and damages the villi, the hair-like structures on the lining of the small intestine. Nutrients from food are absorbed by the villi. If the villi are damaged, the person cannot absorb nutrients and ends up malnourished, no matter how much he or she eats. Thus, symptoms of Celiac disease are variable such as
- Digestive problems (abdominal bloating, pain, gas, constipation, diarrhea, pale stools and weight loss
-A severe blistering skin rash called dermatitis herpetiformis and sores in the mouth (called aphthous ulcers
Unexplained anemia (low blood count) or hepatitis (inflammation of the liver)-
Musculoskeletal problems (muscle cramps, joint and bone pain) and defects in dental enamel-
-Growth problems and failure to thrive (in children). This is because they cannot absorb the nutrients
Tingling sensation in the legs (caused by nerve damage and low calcium-
Celiac disease can leave the patient vulnerable to other health problems, including (Malnutrition,
• Osteoporosis a disease that weakens bones and leads to fractures. This occurs because the person has trouble absorbing enough calcium and vitamin D , Infertility and Cancer of the intestine (very rare).
Some cases People who have celiac disease may have other autoimmune diseases, including ( Thyroid disease , liver disease, type 1 diabetes, lupus ,Rheumatoid arthritis and Autoimmune liver disorders.
Diagnosis of Celiac disease mainly depends on different criteria, including symptoms and serological tests and the results of these tests can determine the decision to make a third step of diagnosis represented by histological examination of duodenal biopsy to identifying tissue change due to reduction in villous height.